Washington Fishing Regulations
Chemical Hub: the terrible threat
[1]
Development through foreign investment and exports. According to the trend of globalization It is precisely the paradigm of development approved by the government, the real goal is plunder. Free of cost and supply infrastructure water, land and labor cheap Price € "what are the preconditions for such investments. The investors will bring more of its own capital, its proprietary technology, including its own If necessary raw material, then place in the indiscriminate looting, breaking nature, the environment, destroy water, air, soil and all the resources for production. Ultimately, it will be unscrupulous having propelled the total economy country in the jaws of impending disaster. This has been shown by history, Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia and elsewhere testify to this process. When investors are forcing many people to death for the plunder of their resources livelihoods, displaced from housing, poverty and misery, and when he finally left column have already broken the backbone of the country ™ € s economic development as a whole does not just affect people uprooted, without money, millions of homeless, but also people from all levels of society. In this perspective, the installation plan â € ~ chemical Huba € ™ in West Bengal, acquires importance. It becomes clear here how international trade and commerce in their own interest, has some of these projects in third world countries, where the glare of publicity and fanfare of government propaganda to hide the hideous face of marauders, the real conspiracy of looters.
But what is really intended to dispute the call â € ~ chemical Huba € ™? It is not known if any formal definition of this phenomenon. In all, however, as a practical definition, one can say that â € ~ chemical Huba € ™ is an industrial area containing a series of products plant chemicals that are linked to each other in an interdependent chain. However, the real problem is not the definition, but the threat of pollution, ecological imbalance, the threat to public health, safety, etc. And by the way, of course, some issues are related to that. For example, exactly what are the chemical elements must be produced there, and for whom, what is their obligation to be the main consumer goods produced € "are Indian or foreign, etc., etc.? In addition, if it is to use native, then what is our policy on the production of chemicals? In fact, the chemical industry is not just another industry. Its surface is much greater, and their impact is also powerful. Moreover, the chemical industry is directly linked to agricultural policy, and various other issues relating to environment and housing are also involved in this context.
Today € ™ s chemical industry is not what it was hundred years ago. Today you have sent tentacles in food processing, agricultural trade, production of seeds for cosmetics, beverages drinks and many different items. Besides the installation of a chemical field involves great danger at every step. The place where a large number of such a range of hazardous chemicals will necessarily give or regurgitate countless elements that are intended to be dangerous for the environment, health and safety of workers, and many people living in adjacent areas. Even beyond that, there is always the possibility that some big accident, the case was witnessed in Bhopal. In this situation, if the goods produced are shipped back Abroad, Why is everyone assuming this additional risk of danger? We must seriously reflect on the issue.
The written service of state government center here is dedicated to the design of petrochemical products. The main problem of these chemicals is the area production of toxic waste that is no less dangerous than the radioactive nuclear waste by any account. Anywhere in the chemical reaction to produce undesirable elements that reach more than useless. For example, lethal dioxins or furans are toxic, may be mentioned. Then there are the emissions of various pollutants in the air spinning. Among the waste is not as heavy metals mercury, arsenic, etc. Where Are they? It is very expensive to reduce or control the amount of toxic waste. Who will these additional expenses? All industries dump waste indiscriminately in the adjacent rivers, canals or the sea is an important part also in the air as black smoke. This creates a layer thickness in the air, and most detailed of innumerable small particles gather in the air to direct drilling human lungs. Spread heavy elements in the soil, seep into the lower layers below the roller in tanks of tap water. Gradually, rivers, sea, canals, reservoirs, forests, plantations, all who are contaminated by the poison. The potent poison seeps into the surface soil in Underground water is poisoned, which in turn in turn attacks the agriculture sector. From there, across cultures and grains creeps poison in the body of humans and livestock, poultry and fish, leading to several serious and incurable diseases. This is the inevitable disaster. Ultimately the whole region is no longer habitable. Second, the industry of large companies and also after the coupon elsewhere.
â € Chemical Huba ~ € ™! But while the name may seem, this is nothing more than old wine in new bottles. In many places, parts of the industrial world this type have emerged. And the experience of chemical-producing areas of the industry is not prosperity, but rather the contrary. A clear example of the horrible disaster that can happen to an area in the wake of emissions in the long chain of factories is Kubatao, City of Industry chemical or â € ~ Huba € ™ in Brazil. During the seventies, on behalf of the rapid and large and prosperity, had been invited to indiscriminately a large number of investors. On the crest of a wave of foreign investment, the City of Industry increased there € "that crowned â € ~ chemical capital of Brazil € ™, flanked by the flowing river, while the port Santos, the largest seaport in Latin America has remained close - seamless communication through the system of land transport and inland waterways. There is also a favorable trade liberal industrial policy, cheap labor, the tax relief without limitation, land at a nominal price - an open field for plunder. At this time no other country in the world agree with the point of concessions. Therefore, to obtain security higher profits for the investors come to Brazil, which provides the ideal setting for the rampant looting. It seems very similar to the scene today € ™ s West Bengal or India.
Kubatao is the sad example of the appalling consequences of investment irregular unplanned unrestricted trade and the granting of the export economy indefinitely. In just one decade, the city became the Death Valley. For this reason Kubatao called â € ~ Valley death.â € ™ The dense Atlantic forest that once covered the hills was completely destroyed. The river that once filled the quiet life turned into a puddle of stagnant water. There was no living creature Within the river Furthermore, it was now only water and some poisonous plants. The city has slipped poison into his body. The air above is poisoned, so that the soil below the forest land. Kubatao started to have babies born without brains, the Babies rarely survive and are born deformed. It is difficult ONEA € ™ s blowing in the heavy air, oxygen is severely lacking. The sky was dark even during the day. And bad everywhere! Most residents had been suffering from tuberculosis or cancer, asthma or associated with various lung diseases. The dense forests, a Once in the hills have disappeared, instead seemed morbid dwarf trees and street plant, with leaves shaken by the acrid smoke of chemicals. From time then there have been landslides, killing many people. This was compounded by rain acids common. In all a total disaster, actually.
In 1985, the Kubatao the situation was completely out of control. In January this year, during two days steady rain and 15 inches was followed by a landslide strange. Hundreds and hundreds displaced rocks crashed into Valley Kubatao. The ammonia pipeline giant explosion in the city of Paris and in a time of dense smoke and acrid, like a dense cloud soared. Many were injured in the accident, many fell ill. Although the government initially refused to admit, finally, the administration was forced to make an emergency evacuation of the entire region on a war footing. The governor of Sao Paolo formally declared emergency and ordered Committee of the pollution control status of implementation of an immediate curb pollution, which was impossible at the moment. During the lapse of more than twenty years that followed, because, despite the concerted efforts of many organizations, Kubatao level of contamination can be reduced below the niveau de danger.
Brazil is not alone. Similar stories are scattered throughout the world. Even within the territories of the United States It has been noted how the areas adjacent to chemical plants infested with poison. Let Midland Michigan. Dow Chemical, one of the world € ™ s largest producers of chemicals not only Tittabaowasi poisoned river water but also groundwater below the basin. Local residents have been launched against the motion. The area residents have filed a lawsuit against chemicals Dowe claiming their responsibility behind many diseases like cancer. The level of dioxin poisoning is extremely high, which may not only lead to cancer, but as complicated serious diseases, including heart disease, diabetes, skin disease, birth defects, etc., the number of data in the bulletin Michigan Department of Environmental Quality. In the case of Washington have arisen several programs against Du Pont, the largest chemical companies in the world. For example, in areas adjacent to Du Pont € ™ s factory in Virginia, the tap water shows the presence of toxic C8 used in Teflon. When the blood test of the local population has also reported the presence of the element poison himself, cases were filed against Company. It was alleged that the company had deliberately concealed the facts. In the case of Du Pont Teflon had to pay more than ten million U.S. dollars compensation. You do not need to mention that even after Teflon were banned in the United States continued long after exported. It should be noted here that there are many chemicals that were banned in developed countries, but still produced and used in developing countries in the world.
[Author: Abhi Datta Majumdar, Professor, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata. Translation of Rama Kundu Dainik Statesman, 29 and June 30, 2007]
[2]
[Author: Abhi Datta Majumdar, Professor, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata. Translation of Rama Kundu Dainik Statesman 29 and June 30, 2007]
Now back to North America to Asia. In Japan, west Kauusu a small coastal village called Minamata. During the early years of last century has reached the Nippon Carbide factory in Minamata Kesso Company. As they could not gather enough profit through the production of carbide gradually began to manufacture from calcium carbide, sulfide and then to chemical fertilizer, ammonium sulphate. In the meantime, Mitsubishi has also joined them on the basis of partnership. In 1930, he had access to manufacturing technology by means of acetylene Mercury compounds. They started producing various organic products such as acetic acid, acetone, butanol, etc. During this process, which also established its monopoly on the chemistry of acetylene. Not only in his own country but also in many foreign countries, including Korea, Nippon Kesso not expand his empire. Meanwhile, the topography of Minamata, also changed during the evolution of society Kesso Nippo. At the first town to town, Minamata has finally emerged as a full-fledged town, with many roads, communication and ease of transport.
But in this § ade of the FAA prosperity conceals the story of an untold number of lives lost, families destroyed, ruined how subsistence forms of shattered lives. Local fishermen, farmers, agricultural land were devastated, silence gradually, imperceptibly. Awful claws of the chemical industry have seized and destroyed all resources mana € ™ s livelihoods. The uncontrolled dumping of sewage the plant has poisoned the sea, which in turn weeds infected sea fish and other creatures Mar. toxic chemicals entered in the food chain, through the circuit into other creatures ultimately the human body. The soil, air, water, forests been infected in the same way. In all that he went to a sad situation if that person had survived a forecast € "Neither the company nor the government was worried about her at all. Therefore, the pollution continued unabated, and people counting infection has begun to show strong growth.
The horror of the situation came to light around 1956. One day, four patients complaining of strange symptoms were admitted to hospital in Minamata. This figure has continued to increase over time. Symptoms include signs of mental disorders, rigor, fainting, coma and finally death. Soon, the disease is unknown as the plague in the region. While the disease itself an unknown category, no treatment was also possible. Finally came to light they were all used for catching fish in the sea now, and consume fish on a regular basis. Harosuai, a doctor at the local hospital, initially Instead, attention turned to the sea after a while, the same year, a team of researchers at Kumamoto University discovered the presence an extraordinary level of mercury in wastewater from rolling into the sea, and was identified as the cause of this deadly disease. The discovery led considerable disruption to AA level. Kesso, but refused to admit the complaint and production continued as before. Neither had trouble obtaining the government support for their side. Instead of sanitizing the environment, the government has not only decreased thank you in the same report, which is strictly opposed. The demonstration of local fishermen discovered Kesso against repression and torture by the government. Meanwhile, hundreds of cats, become mad, began jumping into the sea and then commit suicide. Sometimes infected birds began falling from the sky and fell dead. Many diseases including physical defects arising between the majority of the human population of the region.
Then, finally, Nippon Kesso oriented together to end to protest. They started to put money into the palm of infected persons. The government has maintained total silence on the issue. Nor will announce any compensation. In addition, more than forty thousand people waited until 1993 with the hope of compensation. There was no compensation and no break in production, or stop the violation of nature. No order / order Kesso grow on the limitation or control of that breach, but the ban was imposed on the fishermen of the locality € "they could fish in the sea, but Wona € ™ t be allowed to eat fish or sea any other creature. In addition, the new had come so far. Therefore, no customer has to fish. Therefore, an enormous saving disaster against the fishermen of the region. Kesso meantime had begun to dump their waste into the adjacent river called Minamata, washed The pollution of rivers extent in other cities, and there is Minamata disease, began to spread. Countless people dead. And there is no cure for this disease, except for pollution control, the consequence of Minamata disease was also very fearful. It is strange that he never admitted Nippon Kesso that pollution caused by waste was the exact cause of this scourge. Therefore, None of the injured party is no compensation to date.
As the precipitation field of chemical industry [or â € Huba ~ € ™] in the world, how much should be prudent or possible to build this type of industrial zone in a densely populated state like Bengal Western, or a populous country like India? It is advised not to undertake a proposed hazardous industry, in a place where there no existing infrastructure to ensure the appropriate non-public safety government security, where there is virtually no system existing pollution control. It is also noted that the government is trying to install the â € ~ chemical Huba € ™ precisely in the Brazilian model. The raw materials from abroad, but will use water, land and labor cheap in our country. Then, the produced goods will be sent to other countries, particularly developed countries are already well aware of their health needs, Voice over protecting their own environment.
In fact, under pressure from environmental movements of the first world that houses many large Companies are now in a race to the expense of Third World To maintain its profit rate. Today the new policy control Chemical Industry in Europe, called â € ~ RICHA € ™ have forced investors to seek new locations. RICHA € ~ â € ™ is the name Short of a policy called â € ~ Registration Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals € ™. Since the implementation of this Regulation is not possible for them to assume full responsibility for protecting the environment and accumulate huge margin in Meanwhile, it is precisely for this reason they are now looking for new sites. The German company BASF has already organized in many words that this regulation is unrealistic because it increases the cost of construction and operation â € ~ chemical hubs € ™ to the point that customers will eventually stop using chemicals. However, Europe has supported since its previous position all and not only that, but also are actively engaged in strengthening its own policy on the use of chemicals and to impose control on the use of many elements.
To achieve a contamination of the land free of the Stockholm Convention of 2001 had identified twelve chemicals specific, as â € ~ Dirty Dozen € ™. Recently, many items are added to these compounds. This list includes unwanted toxic residues like dioxins, furans and chlorine based on several insecticides like DDT, Eldrin and toxic byproducts. They are called â € ~ POP ™ € or persistent organic compounds. This means that they are not only toxic, they can continue unabated in the environment for long periods, and may even be the bioaccumulation. This means they can enter the vegetation or animal body through the food chain and can infect the human body through them. Suppose it is spread on the grass where one enters the body of cattle and other animals, again in milk, filtered through breast milk in the body, They can even seep into the body of the next generation. A wide range of these toxic chemicals are once again classified as a substance PBT, or chemical ~ € ™ € persistent bioaccumulative toxic.
Besides, there are several other compounds that are known to be carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic to reproduction, or compounds of the WRC. These are chemicals that can lead to cancer (mutation of cell division), adverse affects on reproduction. Many elements of the petrochemical industry is characterized by two properties. Therefore, Europe and the United States has imposed several restrictions in areas of high volume production. No prizes for guessing what extent these restrictions are applicable in a country like India. In addition to this there too many risks during implementation. How hazardous chemicals are handled in this country with their bare hands and without taking any precautions, is enough to shiver the spine of anyone with minimal knowledge. The question of measures additional job security is best left ignored.
In developed countries, and not only that many chemicals are banned and restrictions on the production of compounds classified as persistent organic pollutants, CMR, PBT, the proportion of toxic elements in the industry waste is subject to strict supervision. Throughout the chemical industry faces a major challenge in Europe today. Note that a few products including chemical synthesis, but not limited their use. The United States has been imposing tighter controls on state industry chemical. The reason for any restriction is precisely the possibility of risk to the industry. Not that it is impossible to produce by obeying all restrictions, but they must be extremely costly. Therefore, multinational magnates have been searching for countries Third World. It is common knowledge shared in these third world countries, there is virtually no such thing as the right system for controlling pollution, it can not change the situation overnight. Therefore, if production is moved to this location, the level of profit can be maintained at the facility. It is too clear that if West Bengal became the colony as an industrial product under the guise of development, then ultimately be repeat Kuabato, anxiety may be more than real.
The government in the paradigm of development in accordance with the trend of globalization and investment and export, is in fact a plan of looting to serve the interests of multinational corporations, and efforts to create chemical center in West Bengal is a clear example that the looting plan. And if it materializes, a disaster is inevitable in the coming days. Given the standard infrastructure and pollution control in our country, and secondly, in view of the history of the majors Trade and Industry, which requires no great wisdom to foresee that when the sector area is a large area around it will become a graveyard in the near future. Agriculture, food, water, air, public health, all that will attack. Where they consider contrary to the interests of all servers time today after its trade and disappear, but leave behind a deadly toxic field. Those who, knowingly or not, acting at the request Foreign multinational corporations have taken the initiative to establish the Center of chemicals, forcing farmers to devastating, hell, terrible, terrible. On behalf of industrialization that will stop all development paths, and finalizing. Posterity will not forgive not one of them for this crime.
[Author: Abhi Datta Majumdar, Professor, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata. Translation of Rama Kundu of Dainik Statesman 29 and June 30, 2007]
About the Author
Wild About Washington: April 2006
|
|
Coastal salmon catch and escapement trends, proposed regulations for 1957, and a discussion of certain fishery problems ... |
|
|
State of Washington Indian tribal fishing regulations, 1960-1971 ... |
|
|
1976 summary of Department of Fisheries and treaty Indian commercial salmon fishing regulations in the Boldt Case Area (Technical report - Washington Department of Fisheries ; 25) ... |
